Long Term Exposure to Polyphenols of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Exerts Induction of Senescence Driven Growth Arrest in the MDA-MB231 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line

Table 1

Cytotoxicity of AEs in human cancer cell lines.

	AEs M
	NT		200		400		600		800
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
HCT 116	84.5	3.7	77.2	6.1	84.0	2.7	79.0	4.0	77.0	4.5
GLT-16	93.5	1.3	89.2	0.9	89.5	4.5	83.2^**	2.7	69.7^***	3.6
MDA-MB231	90.0	2.6	83.7	1.5	81.7^*	1.0	43.2^***	1.0	16.0^***	1.4
HEY	91.7	2.2	91.0	3.6	90.0	2.1	73.5^*	4.9	27.7^***	1.7
DU 145	92.7	2.3	93.0	2.9	94.0	2.4	80.0^**	3.4	51.0^***	2.9
A549	86.5	5.9	86.2	5.5	82.5	11.2	70.0	2.0	28.3^**	3.5
M14	88.2	5.6	83.0	2.9	77.7	10.9	74.3	2.5	39.6^**	3.2
U-373 MG	93.7	3.7	95.0	1.4	90.2	6.3	91.5	1.7	16.5^***	2.0
Saos-2	89.8	2.3	86.5	6.5	85.3	4.6	37.3^***	6.9	18.3^***	1.5
K-562	89.7	4.3	15.2^***	4.3	2.7^***	1.2	3.7^***	1.5	1.5^***	0.6

Ten tumour cell lines derived from various human tissues are treated with increasing concentrations of AEs (from 200 to 800 M) for 24 h. The results are the mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments. The statistical significance between groups was calculated using Student’s -test. Significant differences are indicated by asterisks.
GLT-16: ^**, ^***.
MDA-MB231: ^*, ^***.
HEY: ^*, ^***.
DU 145: ^**, ^***.
A549: ^**.
M14: ^**.
U-373 MG: ^***.
Saos-2: ^***.
K-562: ^***.