Reactive Oxygen Species in Planarian Regeneration: An Upstream Necessity for Correct Patterning and Brain Formation

Figure 4

The effects and time points of DPI exposure on (early) regeneration. (a) DPI exposure does not inhibit wound closure or early blastema formation. Contractions of the muscles at the wound site are observed in both control and DPI-exposed animals directly after amputation. At early time points of regeneration (12 HPA and 1 DPA) reepithelialization and early blastema formation occured normally in DPI exposed organisms while at later time points (3 DPA) the effect of a diminished ROS production on blastema size was clearly noticeable. Scale bar: 500 μm. (b) Inhibition of the ROS burst exerted an effect on blastema formation at a later time point of regeneration. A similar reduction of blastema size was observed in animals exposed to DPI at 30 minutes, 1 hour, or 24 hours post amputation in comparison to the inhibition before amputation . When animals were exposed to DPI 1 hour before amputation (BA) but were repositioned in culture medium during regeneration, no reduction in blastema size was observed. Relative blastema sizes were determined at 7 days post amputation. . . values were obtained via one-way ANOVA analyses.

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