Interrelation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Disease: Role of TNF

Table 1

Role of TNF signaling in neurodegenerative diseases.

sTNF/TNFR1 signaling
sTNF is necessary for the induction of autoimmune diseases [160]
Association of TNF and TNFR1 polymorphisms with PD risk [14, 163]
Association of TNFR1 polymorphism with MS risk [164]
TNFR1 promotes neurodegeneration in retinal ischemia [165]
TNFR1 mediates development of pain-induced depressive behavior [166]
TNFR1 is essential for the development of MOG^35–55 induced EAE [167–169]
Inhibition of TNFR1 signaling strongly ameliorates EAE development [169]
Blocking of sTNF improves functional outcome in EAE [170, 171]
Blocking sTNF attenuates neurodegeneration in AD and PD models [172–174]
TNFR1 mediates direct apoptosis of neurons via caspase 8 [175]
memTNF/TNFR2 signaling
TNFR2^−/− mice show exacerbated neurodegeneration in EAE model [167–169]
TNFR2^−/− mice show exacerbated neurodegeneration in retinal ischemia [165]
TNFR2 promotes OPC proliferation and remyelination [176]
TNFR2 protects neurons against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity [142, 143]
memTNF dependent activation of NFkB is neuroprotective in EAE [171]
TNFR2 rescues neurons from oxidative stress-induced cell death [144]
TNFR2 promotes oligodendrocyte maturation [177]
TNFR2 promotes oligodendrocyte proliferation and maturation [178]
TNFR2 protects OPCs against oxidative stress [179]