Myostatin Activates the Ubiquitin-Proteasome and Autophagy-Lysosome Systems Contributing to Muscle Wasting in Chronic Kidney Disease

Figure 1

CKD decreases the cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle fiber and accelerates protein degradation, but not affect protein synthesis in rat muscle. (a) Cross-sections of TA muscle stained with H&E. Scale bar = 50 μm. (b) Muscle fiber frequency distribution of TA muscles. (c) Muscle fiber CSA (μm²) of TA muscles. (d) Protein synthesis was measured from the rate of incorporation of l-[U-14C] phenylalanine into isolated, incubated soleus muscles. (e) Protein degradation was measured as the rate of tyrosine release from isolated soleus muscles. Values were described means, with SD represented by vertical bars. Significantly different (, independent experiments) from sham group.

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