Sesquiterpene Lactones Inhibit Advanced Oxidation Protein Product-Induced MCP-1 Expression in Podocytes via an IKK/NF-κB-Dependent Mechanism

Figure 8

Compound 2 prevented AOPP-induced IKKβ and NF-κB p65 activation and IκBα degradation in a dose- and time-dependent manner in podocytes. After 24 h of serum starvation, podocytes were pretreated with compound 2 (1 μM, 2.5 μM, and 5 μM) for 1 h and then exposed to 200 μg/mL AOPPs or native MSA for 30 min. PTL (10 μM) was used as a positive control (a, b, and c). Alternatively, podocytes were treated with 200 μg/mL AOPPs for 30 min, and then compound 2 (5 μM) was added for a preset time (d, e, and f). The protein expression of p-IKKα/β, p-NF-κB p65, and IκBα was analyzed by Western blotting. The data are expressed as the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. ANOVA, , , and versus CON; , versus AOPP. CON, untreated cells; MSA, mouse serum albumin.

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