Berberine Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Response: Role of Silent Information Regulator 1

Figure 2

Effects of berberine and sirtinol treatment on normal rat heart. Normal SD rats treated with BBR (200 mg/kg/d for 2 weeks) or Stnl (2 mg/kg/d for 1 week) were subjected to Sham operation. Echocardiographic measurement was carried out after 24 hr of operation. (a) Representative M-mode images by echocardiography. (b) Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). (c) Left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS). (d) Representative photographs of heart sections. Blue-stained portion indicates nonischemic, normal region; red-stained portion, ischemic/reperfused but not infarcted region; and negative-stained portion, ischemic/reperfused infarcted region. (e) Myocardial infarct size expressed as percentage of area-at-risk (AAR). (f) Representative photomicrographs of in situ detection of apoptotic cardiomyocytes by TUNEL staining. Green fluorescence shows TUNEL-positive nuclei; blue fluorescence shows nuclei of total cardiomyocytes, original magnification ×400. (g) Percentage of TUNEL-positive nuclei. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM, /group.

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