Plant Natural Product Formononetin Protects Rat Cardiomyocyte H9c2 Cells against Oxygen Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation via Inhibiting ROS Formation and Promoting GSK-3β Phosphorylation

Figure 2

Effects of formononetin on ROS and superoxide production in cardiac H9c2 cells. H9c2 cells were treated with various concentrations of formononetin under OGD and reoxygenation (OGD/R) condition. Accumulation of ROS and superoxide in H9c2 cells was detected by probes DCFH2-DA and DHE, respectively. (a) Representative images and quantification of relative ROS levels. The intracellular ROS level in H9c2 cells was calculated based on fluorescence intensity. The results were expressed as means ± SD (). (OGD/R versus Normal); ; (drug versus OGD/R). Scale bar, 10 μm. (b) Representative images and quantification of relative superoxide levels. The intracellular superoxide level in H9c2 cells was calculated based on fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence images were analyzed with NIH Image J software (http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/). The results were expressed as means ± SD (). (OGD/R versus Normal); ; (drug versus OGD/R). Scale bar, 10 μm.

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