The Role of Mitochondrial Functional Proteins in ROS Production in Ischemic Heart Diseases

Figure 1

Schematic diagram indicating mitochondrial proteins’ role in ROS generation in ischemic heart diseases. Under ischemic insult, the generation of ROS significantly increases in mitochondria of cardiomyocytes, which can be directly or indirectly influenced by mitochondrial functional proteins, including ETC complexes, UCPs, mitochondrial dynamic proteins, Tom complex, MPTP, MCU/MICU1/MICU2, Cx43, and STAT3. ROS: reactive oxygen species; ETC: electron transport chain; UCPs: uncoupling proteins; Tom: translocases of outer membrane; MPTP: mitochondrial permeability transition pore; MCU: mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uniporter; MICU1: mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake 1; MICU2: mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake 2; Cx43: Connexin 43; STAT3: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.