Differential Mitochondrial Adaptation in Primary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from a Diabetic Rat Model

Figure 5

(a) Time course comparisons of AMPK (), pAMPK (), peNOS (), PGC-1α (), and VDAC1 (), and mitochondrial complex expression in Wistar and GK SMCs, passages 8–10. (b) Superoxide (flow cytometry, ) and antioxidant status (Western blot, MnSOD , UCP3 ) differences between Wistar and GK SMCs in NG (5 mM) or HG (25 mM). Protein expression was measured using Western blot, 15–30 μg protein on an SDS-page gel, and data are normalized to β-actin and expressed as mean fold change from NG + SEM. (c) Assessment of mitochondrial morphology () during HG (25 mM) time course. Representative photographs of fixed SMCs using TOM 20 (green) and nitrotyrosine (red) are shown. (d) Time course mitochondrial dynamic () and autophagy () differences in Wistar and GK SMCs, passages 8–10. Protein expression was measured using Western blot, 15–30 μg protein on an SDS-page gel, and data are normalized to β-actin and expressed as mean fold change from NG + SEM. Significance measured by one-way ANOVA, ( compared to NG, compared to 1-hour HG), .

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