“Cumulative Stress”: The Effects of Maternal and Neonatal Oxidative Stress and Oxidative Stress-Inducible Genes on Programming of Atopy

Table 2

Oxidative stress-inducible genes and allergic rhinitis.

Gene	Clinical relevance	References
Glutathione S-transferases- (GSTs-) 1 polymorphism	It may exert protective effects in allergic rhinitis, decreasing oxidative stress status	[19]
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) rs1800629; Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) rs1927911	They are associated with a higher risk of allergic rhinitis	[22, 28]