Beneficial Effects of Physical Exercise on Functional Capacity and Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Stress in Rats with Aortic Stenosis-Induced Heart Failure
Table 4
Echocardiographic structural data.
C-Sed ()
C-Ex ()
AS-Sed ()
AS-Ex ()
LVDD (mm)
8.30 ± 0.55
8.50 ± 0.55
9.02 ± 0.85
9.17 ± 0.74†
LVDD/BW (mm/kg)
16.6 ± 2.05
16.8 ± 1.91
18.9 ± 2.69
20.4 ± 3.09†
LVSD (mm)
4.05 ± 0.55
4.30 ± 0.60
4.81 ± 1.17
5.27 ± 0.98†
DPWT (mm)
1.42 (1.38–1.46)
1.38 (1.31–1.44)
2.06 (1.84–2.12)
1.99 (1.84–2.17)†
SPWT (mm)
3.01 (2.76–3.14)
2.69 (2.65–3.00)
3.60 (2.86–3.79)
3.49 (2.91–3.72)†
DSWT (mm)
1.43 (1.40–1.46)
1.38 (1.34–1.46)
2.11 (1.84–2.16)
2.01 (1.84–2.17)†
SSWT (mm)
2.52 (2.42–2.65)
2.42 (2.33–2.59)
2.79 (2.59–3.16)
2.93 (2.68–3.25)†
RWT
0.34 (0.33–0.36)
0.33 (0.31–0.34)
0.44 (0.38–0.48)
0.42 (0.40–0.50)†
AO (mm)
4.02 (3.83–4.16)
4.02 (3.83–4.16)
3.94 (3.80–4.16)
3.94 (3.80–4.09)
LA (mm)
5.29 (4.93–5.69)
5.66 (5.47–5.99)
8.54 (7.88–8.69)
8.14 (6.79–8.54)†
LA/AO
1.32 (1.26–1.38)
1.43 (1.30–1.52)
2.17 (1.83–2.29)
2.09 (1.67–2.24)†
LA/BW (mm/kg)
10.3 (9.5–12.1)
10.9 (10.0–12.3)
17.3 (14.8–19.5)
17.3 (15.7–18.9)†
LVM (g)
0.82 (0.77–0.89)
0.83 (0.74–0.93)
1.62 (1.18–1.87)
1.38 (1.32–1.93)†
LVMI (g/kg)
1.69 (1.44–1.88)
1.64 (1.47–1.85)
2.81 (2.69–3.67)
3.40 (2.66–4.16)†
C-Sed: sedentary control group; C-Ex: exercised control group; AS-Sed: sedentary aortic stenosis group; AS-Ex: exercised aortic stenosis group; LVDD and LVSD: left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic diameter, respectively; BW: body weight; DPWT and SPWT: LV diastolic and systolic posterior wall thickness, respectively; DSWT and SSWT: LV diastolic and systolic septal wall thickness, respectively; RWT: relative wall thickness; AO: aorta diameter; LA: left atrial diameter; LVM: LV mass; LVMI: LVM index. Data are mean ± SD or median and percentiles; ANOVA and Tukey or Mann-Whitney; versus C-Sed; † versus C-Ex.
