Influence of Insulin Resistance and TNF-α on the Inflammatory Process, Oxidative Stress, and Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Table 3

Oxidative stress markers, disease activity, and inflammatory parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with (IR+) or without (IR−) insulin resistance and using (TNF+) or not using (TNF−) anti-TNF-.

	G1 ()	G2 ()	G3 ()	G4 ()
CL-LOOH (cpm)	170.7 (150.0–196.7)	167.4 (147.2–214.4)	165.7 (152.7–204.3)	166.2 (151.8–166.2)
AOPP (mol/L of chloramines-T equivalents)	124.5 (102.6–170.1)	123.2 (99.9–182.8)	(122.4–242.7)	(124.4–222.4)
TRAP (M Trolox/mg UA)	175.4 (147.3–210.0)	164.7 (131.8–207.7)	(121.0–178.8)	159.2 (107.5–176.6)
OSI	0.73 (0.57–0.92)	0.85 (0.62–1.12)	(0.78–1.79)	(0.69–1.53)
DAS 28	3.41 (2.23–4.57)	3.83 (3.08–4.89)	3.75 (2.87–4.80)	3.49 (2.78–4.30)
CRP (mg/dL)	4.74 (1.26–15.80)	2.75 (1.78–6.76)	6.63 (7.70–11.9)	(1.42–8.89)
ESR (mm)	14.0 (5.0–22.0)	14.5 (8.3–23.0)	(8.0–32.5)	(11.0–44.0)

Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s posttest. Data are expressed as median (25–75%). G1, IR− TNF−; G2, IR− TNF+; G3, IR+ TNF−; G4, IR+ TNF+; CL-LOOH, tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence; AOPP, advanced oxidation protein product; TRAP, total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter; OSI, oxidative stress index; DAS 28, Disease Activity Score evaluating 28 joints; CRP, C-reactive protein; and ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
G1 versus G3, ; ^#G1 versus G4, ; ^&G4 versus G2, ; and G4 versus G3.