Metformin Decreases Reactive Oxygen Species, Enhances Osteogenic Properties of Adipose-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro, and Increases Bone Density In Vivo

Figure 7

Evaluation of MuASCs osteogenic potential. Growth kinetics and morphology of cells cultured under osteogenic conditions. Proliferation factor (a), population doubling time (b). Morphology evaluation after 18 days of culture (c). DAPI staining (I, IV), Alizarin Red (II, V), and SEM pictures (III, VI). bn: bone nodule. Mean bone nodules number (d) and size (e). Evaluation of calcium and phosphorus depositions (f). Magnifications: DAPI and Alizarin Red ×100, scale bars: 250 μm; SEM ×5000, scale bar: 5 μm. Results expressed as mean ± SD. value < 0.05, value < 0.01, value < 0.001.

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