Oxidative Stress-Related Parthanatos of Circulating Mononuclear Leukocytes in Heart Failure

Figure 1

Parthanatos in blood components. (a) Plasma total peroxide level. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. (b) Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) change in TAC values in the CHF and control group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. (c) Oxidative stress index (OSI) is given as the ratio of total peroxide and TAC. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. (d) Oxidative stress in circulating leukocytes. The percentage of positively labeled cellular area compared to total cellular area was calculated on anti-4-hydroynonenal- (HNE-) immunostained leukocyte smears. Data are presented as median (IQR). (e) Nitrative stress in circulating leukocytes. The percentage of positively labeled cellular area compared to the total cellular area was calculated on antinitrotyrosine- (NT-) immunostained leukocyte smears. Data are presented as median (IQR). (f) PARP activity in mononuclear cells. Immunohistochemical labeling of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). The end product of PARP was evaluated as described above. Data are presented as median (IQR). (g) AIF translocation in mononuclear cells. Immunohistochemical labeling of AIF. The percentage of positively labeled nuclei compared to the total number of nuclei was calculated. Data are presented as median (IQR) .

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