Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein as Biomarker for Atherosclerotic Diseases

Table 2

Comparison of characteristics of sdLDL, LDL(−), and desialylated LDL.

	sdLDL	LDL(−)	Desialylated LDL
Size and density	Small dense	Small	Small dense
Aggregation/self-association	Increased ability to self-associate
Negative charge	Increased negative charge
Chemical composition	Decreased sialic acid contents
	Decreased cholesteryl esters
	Decreased phospholipids
	Increased protein/lipid ratio
Amino group modification	?	Amino group modification present
Oxidation	Increased oxidizability, reduced amount of antioxidants in the particles
Atherogenicity	Increased atherogenicity

In comparison to native (nonmodified) LDL.