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LncRNAs | Functions | References |
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DNA damage response |
LincRNA-p21 | Represses gene expression with hnRNP K | [20–22] |
LincRNA-RoR | Suppresses p53 translation with hnRNP I and inhibits p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis | [23–25] |
Pint | Connects p53 activation with epigenetic silencing by PRC2 | [20, 26] |
PANDA | Regulates proapoptotic genes with NF-YA | [27–29] |
LncRNA-JADE | Connects the DNA damage response to histone H4 acetylation | [30] |
Oxidative stress |
H19 | Upregulated by oxidative stress | [31–34] |
ANRIL | Represses the expression of INK4A-ARF-INK4B | [35] |
LncRNA-LET | Degrades NF90 via ubiquitin-proteasome pathway | [36] |
LINK-A | Regulates the stabilization of HIF-1α | [37] |
Cellular senescence |
7SL | Promotes cell growth via suppression of p53 | [38, 39] |
HOTAIR | Represses transcription of HOXD with PRC2 | [40–42] |
UCA1 | Negative correlation between p27 and UCA in breast cancer tissue | [43–45] |
LincRNA-p21 | Influences the p53 tumor suppressor pathway by regulating p53-mediated p21 expression | [46] |
ANRIL | Regulates CDKN2A/B by epigenetic mechanisms | [47–52] |
ANRASSF1 | Represses the expression of RASSF1A | [53, 54] |
PANDA | Interacts with PRC1, PRC2, and NF-YA and represses the transcription of senescence-promoting genes | [55, 56] |
FAL1 | Oncogenic activity of FAL1 is repression of p21 | [57, 58] |
MIR31HG | Interacts with both INK3A and PcG proteins and represses INK4A | [59] |
SALNR | Regulates NF90 activity | [60] |
VAD | Regulates chromatin structure and increases the expression of INK4 | [61] |
Neurodegenerative diseases |
BC200 | Upregulation of BC200 related to the severity of AD | [63, 64] |
BACE1-AS | Regulates BACE1 mRNA and generates Aβ 1–42 | [65, 66] |
NDM29 | Induces APP and increases Aβ secretion | [67, 68] |
17A | Enhances Aβ secretion by impairing GABA-B signaling | [69, 71] |
AS Uchl1 | Induces Uchl1 expression by increasing its translation | [73] |
naPINK1 | Regulates the stabilization of svPINK1 expression | [71, 74] |
TUG1 | Downstream target of p53 and regulates cell-cycle genes | [76–79] |
MEG3 | Epigenetically regulates chromatin in HD | [16, 78] |
HTTAS-V1 | Overexpression of HTTAS-V1 reduces HTT transcripts | [80] |
Immune response |
THRIL | Regulates TNFα expression and is associated with childhood acute inflammatory diseases | [82] |
Lnc-DC | Exclusively expressed in dendritic cells and regulates DC differentiation | [83] |
Lnc-IL7R | Diminishes LPS-induced inflammatory response | [84] |
LincRNA-EPS | Regulated in macrophages to control the expression of immune response genes | [85] |
Diabetes |
RNCR3 | Regulates retinal endothelial cell function via RNCR3/KLF2/miR-185-5p | [87, 88] |
MEG3 | Downregulates MEG3 in the retinas of STZ-induced diabetic mice | [89, 90] |
HI-LNC25 | Regulates β cell differentiation and maturation | [91, 92] |
Muscle dysfunction |
SRA | Enhances the activity of nuclear receptors and regulates differentiation of MyoD | [94, 95] |
MUNC | Facilitates the function of MyoD in skeletal myogenesis | [96] |
Linc-RAM | Promotes assembly of MyoD-Baf60-Brg1 complex and increases the transcription of myogenic differentiation genes | [97] |
Atherosclerosis |
SENCR | Impedes migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells by regulating FOXO1 and TRPC6 expression | [101–103] |
Cataracts |
LncRNA-MIAT | Upregulated in patients with cataracts and involved in the maintenance of LECs | [106] |
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