Activation of Endocannabinoid Receptor 2 as a Mechanism of Propofol Pretreatment-Induced Cardioprotection against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Figure 4

Effects of propofol conditioning, URB pretreatment, and VDM11 pretreatment on cell viability (a), LDH leak (b), and cell apoptosis (c) in vitro. URB597 (1 μM) or VDM11 (10 μM) was added 1.5 hours before hypoxia until the end of propofol conditioning. Cell viability was detected using the MTT kit. LDH release was measured using a LDH assay kit. Cell apoptosis was detected using Annexin-V/PI double-staining method under flow cytometry. The results showed that propofol conditioning-inhibited hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) induced decrease in cell viability (a), increase in cell LDH leak (b), and apoptosis (c). per group. : ; : versus control. #: ; ##: versus propofol. †: ; ††: versus H/R.

(a) Cell viability

(b) LDH leak

(c) Cell apoptosis