|
| Study (ref.) | Patients | OS biomarker | Antioxidant | Study period | Result |
|
| Vitamin C |
| Yang et al. [28] | 40 on Vit. C
40 controls | ROS | i.v. 1 g | 4 hours | ↓ OS |
| Ghiadoni et al. [124] | 20 on Vit. C | MDA
Lipoperoxides
Ferric-reducing plasma ability | p.o 2 g | 4 hours | ↓ OS |
| Fumeron et al. [159] | 33 on Vit. C | Serum carbonyls, RBC concentrations of reduced and oxidized glutathione | p.o 0.25 g ×3/week | 8 weeks | Same OS |
| Candan et al. [160] | 17 on Vit. C
17 on placebo | MDA
RBC osmotic fragility | p.o 0.25 g | 12 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Abdollahzad et al. [161] | 21 on Vit. C
21 on placebo | MDA | p.o 0.25 g | 12 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Eiselt et al. [155] | 20 on Fe i.v.
5 on Fe i.v. + Vit. C | TBARS | i.v. continuous
2 mg/min | 4 weeks | ↑ OS |
| Chan et al. [156] | 10 on 250 mg p.o
11 on i.v. | F2-isoprostanes | p.o/iv | 12 weeks | Same OS |
| Ramos et al. [157] | 17 on Vit. C
17 on placebo | TBARS
Lipoperoxides | p.o 1 g/d | 1 year | Same OS |
| Washio et al. [158] | 16 on Vit. C | Cu/Zn-SOD | p.o 0.2 to 1 g | 3 weeks | Same OS |
|
| Vitamin E |
| Diepeveen et al. [162] | 12 on Vit. E
11 on placebo | Ox-LDL | p.o 800 IU/d | 12 weeks | Same OS |
| Lu et al. [163] | 14 on Vit. E
13 on placebo | Oxidative protein modifications
Lipoperoxides | p.o 800 IU/d | 24 weeks | Same OS |
| Kamgar et al. [164] | 20 on multivitamin (including Vit. E)
17 on placebo | F2-isoprostane protein carbonyl | p.o 800 IU/d | 8 weeks | Same OS |
| O’Byrne et al. [165] | 16 on Vit. E | Ox-LDL antibodies | p.o 800 IU/d | 12 weeks | Same OS |
| Sanaka et al. [166] | 11 on Vit. E
11 on placebo | PCOOH | p.o 500 mg/d | — | Same OS |
| Smith et al. [167] | 11 on Vit. E | F2-isoprostanes | p.o 400 IU/d | 8 weeks | Same OS |
| Antoniadi et al. [168] | 27 on Vit. E
20 on placebo | TAS
RBC SOD activity
GSH-Px | p.o 500 mg/d | 1 year | ↑ OS |
| Inal et al. [170] | 36 on EPO (100 U/kg)
36 on 50% decreased EPO dosage + Vit. E | MDA
SOD activity
CAT activity | p.o 300 mg/d | 12 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Badiou et al. [173] | 14 on Vit. E | Cu-induced LDL oxidation
TBARS | p.o 500 mg/d | 24 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Galli et al. [174] | 7 on Vit. E | GSH
TBARS
NO | p.o 800 mg/d | 3 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Giray et al. [175] | 36 on Vit. E | GSH-Px
SOD + CAT
TBARS | p.o 600 mg/d | 14 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Domenici et al. [176] | 29 on Vit. E | 8-OHdG | p.o 300 mg/d
×3/week | 4 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Ono [177] | 30 on Vit. E | RBC osmotic fragility | p.o 600 mg/d | 4 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Cristol et al. [178] | 7 on ESA + Vit. E
30 control | MDA
RBC SOD
RBS GSH
RBC Vit. E | p.o 500 mg/d | 24 weeks | ↓ OS
↑ Hb |
| Nemeth et al. [179] | 10 children on ESA for 2 weeks, then ESA + Vit. E for 2 weeks | GSSG/GSH | p.o 15 mg/kg/d | 4 weeks | ↓ OS
↑ Hb |
| Uzum et al. [180] | 19 on Vit. E
15 controls | MDA
RBC osmotic fragility | p.o 300 mg/d | 20 weeks | ↓ OS |
| Hodkova et al. [181] | 7 on i.v. iron + Vit. E | AOPPs
PMNLs burst | p.o 200 mg/d | 7 days | Same OS |
|
| NAC |
| Swarnalatha et al. [102] | 14 on NAC
14 on placebo | MDA | p.o 600 mg ×2/day
Prior to i.v. iron | 10 days | ↓ OS |
| Garcia-Fernandez et al. [191] | 10 iron 50
10 iron 50 + NAC
10 iron 100
10 iron 100 + NAC | MDA | i.v. 2 g
Prior to i.v. iron | 10 days | ↓ OS |
| Trimarchi et al. [188] | 12 on NAC
12 control | MDA | p.o 600 mg ×2/day | 30 days | ↓ OS |
| Witko-Sarsat et al. [189] | 16 HD
Cells incubated
with NAC
(in vitro study) | Serum albumin AOPPs | 2 mg/mL | 30 | ↓ OS |
| Thaha et al. [190] | 20 on NAC
20 on placebo | ADMA | i.v. 5 g | 4 hours | ↓ OS |
|
| Statins |
| Diepeveen et al. [162] | 12 on atorvastatin
11 on placebo | Ox-LDL | p.o 40 mg/d | 12 weeks | ↓ OS 30–43% |
| Ando et al. [192] | 11 on EPA
11 on placebo | Ox-LDL | p.o 1.8 g/d | 12 weeks | ↓ OS 38% |
| Nishikawa et al. [193] | 38 on simvastatin | MDA | p.o 5 mg/d | 24 weeks | ↓ OS |
|
