Sestrin2 as a Novel Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Various Diseases

Table 1

Sestrin family of proteins, their regulators, and cellular effects.

Isoforms of Sestrin	Regulators	Effects on cell signaling
Sestrin1 (SESN1)	p53	(i) ROS inhibition via upregulation of antioxidants [1, 3, 7]; (ii) Activation of AMPK pathway [1, 3, 8]; (iii) Downregulation of mTOR pathway [1, 3, 6, 9]; (iv) Induction of autophagy [1, 3, 7, 10]; (v) Protective role against cancer [11–13], metabolic and cardiovascular; diseases [14–16], and neurodegenerative disorders [17–20]
Sestrin2 (SESN2)	p53; Nrf2; AP-1
Sestrin3 (SESN3)	AP-1; FoxO1; FoxO3