Loss of Sigma-1 Receptor Chaperone Promotes Astrocytosis and Enhances the Nrf2 Antioxidant Defense

Figure 2

Sig-1R deficiency induced dysregulated protein degradation systems. The whole brains of (a) E18 fetuses () or (b) 14 ~ 15-month-old adult mice () from Sig-1R WT or KO mice were collected and homogenized for immunoblotting. Sig-1R KO homogenates showed more ubiquitinated protein expression. Briefly, Ub protein or Ub in this figure. In the graph, ubiquitinated protein was normalized to the internal control. For the ubiquitinated protein expression in the fetus brain, it was further normalized to the respective size-matched WT fetus as 1. The ubiquitinated protein expression level in the WT was normalized to 1. Error bar indicates SEM. , t-test. (c) Mixed neuronal-glial cultures isolated from Sig-1R WT or KO E18 fetuses were treated with MG132 or CQ on DIV 11 for 24 h. Lysates were collected for immunoblotting, and ubiquitinated protein levels were increased in Sig-1R KO neurons, especially after the inhibitor treatments.

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