Clinical Study
Effect of Weight Loss, Exercise, or Both on Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin and Insulin Secretion in Frail, Obese Older Adults
Table 4
Hierarchical models of changes in disposition index.
| | R | R2 | ΔR2 | B | SE | β | |
| Diet group | | | | | | | | Model 1 | .449 | .202† | | | | | | Change in UcOC | | | | 0.349 | 0.119 | 0.448 | 0.006 | Model 2 | .844 | .712 | .511† | | | | | Change in UcOC | | | | 0.281 | 0.076 | 0.361 | <0.001 | Change in FFM | | | | 0.001 | 0.0001 | 1.042 | <0.001 | Change in FM | | | | −0.0004 | 0.0001 | −1.301 | <0.001 | Model 3 | .923 | .810 | .140 | | | | | Change in UcOC | | | | 0.188 | 0.086 | 0.241 | 0.037 | Change in FFM | | | | 0.001 | 0.0001 | 1.149 | <0.001 | Change in FM | | | | −0.0004 | 0.0001 | −1.262 | <0.001 | Change in hs-Crp | | | | −0.517 | 0.352 | −0.300 | 0.154 | Change in IL-6 | | | | −1.648 | 0.507 | −0.356 | 0.003 | Change in sTNF R1 | | | | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.108 | 0.348 | Change in leptin | | | | 0.010 | 0.030 | 0.074 | 0.744 | Change in adiponectin | | | | 0.085 | 0.057 | 0.176 | 0.146 | Model 4 | .967 | .935 | .083† | | | | | Change in UcOC | | | | −0.037 | 0.088 | −0.048 | 0.675 | Change in FFM | | | | 0.001 | 0.0001 | 0.891 | <0.001 | Change in FM | | | | −0.0003 | 0.0001 | −1.100 | <0.001 | Change in Hs-Crp | | | | 0.096 | 0.359 | 0.056 | 0.791 | Change in IL-6 | | | | −2.234 | 0.427 | −0.483 | <0.001 | Change in sTNF R1 | | | | −0.12 | 0.010 | −0.127 | 0.250 | Change in leptin | | | | 0.022 | 0.028 | 0.165 | 0.432 | Change in adiponectin | | | | 0.110 | 0.045 | 0.228 | 0.022 | Change in KE strength | | | | −0.161 | 0.033 | −0.558 | <0.001 | Change in KF strength | | | | 0.109 | 0.024 | 0.344 | <0.001 | Change in VO2peak | | | | 0.372 | 0.130 | 0.407 | 0.009 | Diet-exercise group | | | | | | | | Model 1 | .278 | .078 | | | | | | Change in UcOC | | | | 0.679 | 0.403 | 0.278 | 0.101 | Model 2 | .525 | .276† | .198† | | | | | Change in UcOC | | | | 0.544 | 0.369 | 0.222 | 0.150 | Change in FFM | | | | 0.0004 | 0.001 | 0.180 | 0.387 | Change in FM | | | | −0.001 | 0.0002 | −0.554 | 0.011 | Model 3 | .838 | .702 | .427† | | | | | Change in UcOC | | | | 0.016 | 0.285 | 0.006 | 0.956 | Change in FFM | | | | 0.001 | 0.0002 | 0.510 | 0.006 | Change in FM | | | | −0.0003 | 0.0004 | −0.359 | 0.106 | Change in hs-Crp | | | | 0.108 | 0.208 | 0.074 | 0.608 | Change in IL-6 | | | | −0.537 | 0.871 | −0.086 | 0.543 | Change in TNF-R | | | | −0.038 | 0.034 | −0.180 | 0.267 | Change in leptin | | | | −0.074 | 0.115 | −0.148 | 0.526 | Change in adiponectin | | | | 0.475 | 0.101 | 0.686 | <0.001 | Model 4 | .972 | .946 | .243† | | | | | Change in UcOC | | | | −1.269 | 0.221 | −0.518 | <0.001 | Change in FFM | | | | 0.002 | 0.0002 | 0.658 | <0.001 | Change in FM | | | | 0.001 | 0.0002 | 1.318 | <0.001 | Change in Crp | | | | 0.149 | 0.096 | 0.102 | 0.132 | Change in IL-6 | | | | 0.096 | 0.422 | 0.015 | 0.822 | Change in sTNF R1 | | | | −0.077 | 0.019 | −0.362 | <0.001 | Change in leptin | | | | −0.396 | 0.062 | −0.793 | <0.001 | Change in adiponectin | | | | 0.495 | 0.058 | 0.715 | <0.001 | Change in KE strength | | | | 0.191 | 0.038 | 0.423 | <0.001 | Change in KF strength | | | | 0.339 | 0.052 | 0.434 | <0.001 | Change in VO2peak | | | | 1.628 | 0.319 | 0.909 | <0.001 |
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UcOC: undercarboxylated osteocalcin; FFM: fat-free mass; FM: fat mass; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL6: interleukin 6; sTNF R1: soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1; KE: knee extension; KF: knee flexion. Values are given as mean ± SE. ; †.
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