Blockage of NOX2/MAPK/NF-κB Pathway Protects Photoreceptors against Glucose Deprivation-Induced Cell Death

Figure 6

Inhibiting NOX2 improves the mitochondrial membrane potential. The mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed by JC1 staining under a fluorescence microscope. The mitochondria with normal Δψm were stained with red punctuated fluorescence (JC-1 positive), but mitochondria with depolarized Δψm were stained with green fluorescence. (a) 661W cells were cultured in normal medium. (b) 661W cells were cultured in glucose-free medium for 16 h. (c), (d) 661W cells were cultured in glucose-free medium for 16 h in the presence of 100 μM NSC (c) or 100 μM APO (d). Scale bar = 50 μm. (e) The percentage of JC-1-positive cells was quantitatively assessed with flow cytometry. Assays were performed in quadruplicate, and data are shown as means ± SEM ( compared to the vehicle group; one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test).

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