Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Oxidative Stress in Muscle Injury Animal Models: A Systematic Review

Table 4

Study characteristics of selected experimental controlled animal studies on low-level laser irradiation effects on oxidative stress.

Authors	Wavelength; (nm)	Energy density (J/cm^2)	Energy; (J)	Power density; (W or mW/cm^2)	Spot size (cm^2)	Irradiation time per point; (sec)	Duration of treatments (days)	Treatment frequency (days)	Laser frequency; (Hz)	Power; (mW or W)
Guaraldo et al. [5]	808	144	4	1.071	0.028	40	—	6 weeks	—	100 W
Ribeiro et al. [2]	780/660	10	3.2	1	—	10	7	1, 3, and 7 after the induction of injury	—	40 mW
Oliveira Silva et al. [15]	808	107	—	1027	0,028	100	3	Consecutive days	—	30 mW
Silveira et al. [3]	904	5	2.5	400	0.10	12.5	5	2, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after the trauma	9.500	40 mW (peak power 70 W)
Assis et al. [6]	808	180	1.4	3.8	0.00785	47	4	Consecutive days	—	30 mW
Davila et al. [17]	632.8/904	9.5	—	—	—	60/47	10	Consecutive days	—	5/12 mW
Servetto et al. [14]	632.8/904	9.5	—	—	—	60/47	7	Consecutive days	—	5/12 mW
Rizzi et al. [1]	904	5 J	—	—	—	35	7 or 14	Daily	—	45 mW