Homocysteine Induces Apoptosis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Figure 3

Hcy induced mitochondrial dysfunction in HUVEC in a time-dependent manner. (a, b) The time-dependent effects of Hcy on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were determined via Western blot analysis. β-actin was selected as the loading control. (b) Cleaved caspase-3 and procaspase-3 were determined via Western blot analysis. (c) The level of cytoplasmic cytochrome c was measured via Western blot analysis. β-actin was selected as the loading control. (d) The expression of p-eNOS was measured via Western blot analysis. β-actin was selected as the loading control. (e) Red indicates JC-1 aggregates, which form at a sufficient Δψm. Green indicates JC-1 monomers, which form at a lower Δψm. Merged images showed the colocalization of JC-1 aggregates and monomers. The data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. , versus the control.

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