Dimethyl Fumarate Induces Glutathione Recycling by Upregulation of Glutathione Reductase

Figure 1

Cytoprotective concentrations of DMF induce the expression of glutathione reductase. (a) HT22 cells were treated for 24 h with the indicated concentrations of DMF before addition of glutamate. Viability was quantified 24 h later by the CTB assay. (b) DMF still elevates cellular GSH when GSH synthesis is blocked by incubation in cystine-free medium for another 24 h before intracellular GSH was measured enzymatically. (c) Cells were treated with DMF for 24 h and the abundance of GSR was quantitated by immunoblotting. Actin served as loading control. Molecular mass is indicated. The bar graphs represent the means ± SD of three independent experiments, , two-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s post hoc test.

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