Lung-Protective Ventilation Strategies for Relief from Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy: A Bicenter Randomized, Parallel, and Controlled Trial

Figure 7

Changes in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid among patients receiving conventional mechanical or protective lung ventilation during surgery. Values are given as mean ± standard error of the mean. CVS, continuous ventilatory support; SIMV, synchronized intermittent mechanical ventilation; CV group, conventional mechanical ventilation with 12 mL/kg tidal volume (V_T) and 0 cm H₂O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP); PV group, protective lung ventilation with 6 mL/kg V_T and 10 cm H₂O PEEP.

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