Lung-Protective Ventilation Strategies for Relief from Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy: A Bicenter Randomized, Parallel, and Controlled Trial

Table 2

Intraoperative blood loss, liquid input, and urine output.

Characteristics	Treatment groups
	CV group; ()	PV group; ()	value
Amount of bleeding, mL	424 (75)	420 (68)	0.868
Colloidal solution, mL	916 (271)	955 (277)	0.655
Crystalloid solution, mL	1635 (204)	1682 (198)	0.460
Transfusion of red blood cells, n	3 (11%)	4 (14%)	NS
Transfusion of plasma, n	2 (7%)	3 (11%)	NS
Urine output, mL	1741 (264)	1764 (308)	0.793

Values are given as mean ± standard deviation or number of patients (%). CV group, conventional mechanical ventilation with 12 mL/kg tidal volume (V_T) and 0 cm H₂O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP); PV group, protective lung ventilation with 6 mL/kg V_T and 10 cm H₂O PEEP.