Exercise Inhibits the Effects of Smoke-Induced COPD Involving Modulation of STAT3

Figure 3

Representative photomicrographs of airways from the (a) control, (b) aerobic exercise (Exe), (c) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and (d) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease submitted to aerobic exercise (COPD+Exe) groups, stained with picrosirius (red staining). Scale bars: 25 mm. (e) Quantification of collagen fiber deposition in the airway wall (μm² collagen/μm² tissue) in the groups: control, exercise (Exe), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease submitted to aerobic exercise (COPD+Exe). Representative photomicrographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained pulmonary parenchyma in the groups: (f) control, (g) exercise (Exe), (h) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and (i) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease submitted to aerobic exercise (COPD+Exe). Scale bars: 25 mm. (j) Quantification of alveolar enlargement (Lm, μm). Data are presented as means and SD. .

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