Estrogens Protect Calsequestrin-1 Knockout Mice from Lethal Hyperthermic Episodes by Reducing Oxidative Stress in Muscle

Figure 1

Mortality rate during exposure to halothane and heat stress protocols. Incidence of sudden and delayed (i.e., within 24 hrs after challenge) deaths during exposure to halothane (2% for 1 hr (a)) and to heat (41°C for 1 hr (b)) in male and female CASQ1-null mice, either untreated or treated with Premarin (males) or leuprolide (females). ; n = number of mice. See also Tables S1 and S2.

(a) Halothane sensitivity test

(b) Heat stress test