Pleiotropic Effects of Biguanides on Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production

Figure 3

Respiratory chain dehydrogenases sensitivity to phenformin titration. Specific enzyme activities (a, b, c) or oxygen consumption (d, e, f) of BAT mitochondria was titrated with 0–60 mM phenformin using 100 μM NADH (a) or 10 mM pyruvate plus 2 mM malate (d), 10 mM succinate (b, e), and 25 mM (c) or 10 mM glycerophosphate (f). Individual points represent means ± SEM of at least three independent measurements.

(a) Specific activity

(b) Specific activity

(c) Specific activity

(d) O₂ consumption

(e) O₂ consumption

(f) O₂ consumption