Linking Cancer Cachexia-Induced Anabolic Resistance to Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Metabolism

Figure 1

mTORC1-regulated cellular processes. mTORC1 has been shown to stimulate cellular processes related to protein synthesis, cellular metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and lipid synthesis. mTORC1 has also been described in the inhibition of autophagy. Positive regulators of mTORC1 signaling include exercise, nutrients (e.g., amino acids), and growth factors (e.g., insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1). Negative regulators of mTORC1 signaling include disuse, energy stress (e.g., nutrient deprivation and unfolded protein response), and inflammation.