Linking Cancer Cachexia-Induced Anabolic Resistance to Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Metabolism

Figure 3

Mechanisms associated with suppressed anabolic potential during cancer cachexia. The systemic cachectic environment induces several muscle disruptions that can impede the protein synthesis induction by anabolic stimuli. Exercise training has the potential to improve muscle oxidative metabolism, which can have direct effects on protein metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and the unfolded protein response. Abbreviations: ROS, reactive oxygen species; UPR, unfolded protein response; mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1.