Roles and Mechanisms of Herbal Medicine for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Current Status and Perspective

Table 1

miRNA functions in DCM.

miR type	Experimental model	Mechanism	Target gene	Reference
miR-144	STZ-induced diabetic mice	Increased oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis	Nrf2	[55]
miR-9	Human diabetic hearts, high-glucose cultured human	Prevented cardiomyocyte apoptosis	ELAVL1	[56]
miR-195	STZ-induced diabetic mice, db/db mice	Increased oxidative stress and apoptosis	SIRT1	[57]
miR-21	High-glucose cultured primary cardiac fibroblasts	Increased cardiac fibrosis	DUSP8	[58]
miR-200c	High-fat diet plus STZ-induced diabetic rat, high-glucose cultured cardiomyocytes	Decreased cardiomyocyte hypertrophy	DUSP1	[59]
miR-30c	STZ-induced diabetic rat, high-glucose cultured cardiomyocytes	Decreased cardiomyocyte hypertrophy	PAK1 and Cdc42	[60]
miR-30d	STZ-induced diabetic rat	Increased cardiomyocyte pyroptosis	Foxo3a	[61]

Nrf2: factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2; ELAVL1: ELAV-like protein 1; SIRT1: sirtuin 1; DUSP: dual specific phosphatase; PAK1: p21-activated kinases; Cdc42: cell division control protein 42 homolog; Foxo3a: Forkhead box O3.