Risperidone-Induced Renal Damage and Metabolic Side Effects: The Protective Effect of Resveratrol

Figure 4

Representative photomicrographs of TUNEL staining in all five groups (scale bars = 20 μm). (a) Group 1 (control) only few TUNEL-positive cells (arrow). (b) Group 2 (RIS) a lot of TUNEL-positive cells (arrows). (c) Group 3 (RIS+RSV-1), (d) group 4 (RIS+RSV-2), and (e) group 5 (RIS+RSV-3) similarly rare TUNEL-positive cells (arrows). This analysis was exerted in at least eight areas of each kidney section (two sections/animal), and the sections were analyzed at 400x magnification. The evaluation of TUNEL staining was exerted based on the extent of the staining of apoptotic cells. The extent of TUNEL staining was scored semiquantitatively as 0 (none), 1 (light), 2 (medium), and 3 (intense).

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