Risperidone-Induced Renal Damage and Metabolic Side Effects: The Protective Effect of Resveratrol

Table 3

Comparison of serum oxidative stress parameters among the groups.

Parameters	Control	RIS	RIS+RSV-1	RIS+RSV-2	RIS+RSV-3
TOS (μmol/L)	9.74 ± 0.71^b,e	16.04 ± 1.03^a,c,d,e	10.45 ± 1.06^b,e	8.19 ± 0.56^b	6.27 ± 1.09^a,b,c	0.000
TAS (mmol/L)	1.60 ± 0.39^b,c,e	0.78 ± 0.14^a,c	2.28 ± 0.23^a,b,d,e	1.23 ± 0.10^c,e	0.38 ± 0.03^a,c,d	0.000
OSI (AU)	791.59 ± 162.39^b	2805.78 ± 857.32^a,c,d	464.05 ± 25.47^b,e	692.31 ± 69.32^b	1797.28 ± 452.35^c	0.004

Each group represents the mean ± SEM for seven rats. ^a versus the control group; ^b versus the RIS group; ^c versus the RIS+RSV-1 group; ^d versus the RIS+RSV-2 group; and ^e versus the RIS+RSV-3 group. RIS: risperidone; RSV: resveratrol; TAS: total antioxidant status; TOS: total oxidant status; OSI: oxidative stress index; RIS+RSV-1: 2 mg/kg RIS+20 mg/kg RSV; RIS+RSV-2: 2 mg/kg RIS+40 mg/kg RSV; RIS+RSV-3: 2 mg/kg RIS+80 mg/kg RSV; AU: arbitrary units.