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| Experimental groups | Periodized swimming exercise training protocols | Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposition protocol |
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| CON | Mice maintained sedentary: 20 minutes in 30°C shallow water (2 cm), 5x/week, 12 weeks. | Mice received 10 μL of NaCl 0.9% by intranasal instillation daily (7x/week) for 12 weeks |
| MIT | Mice submitted to moderate intensity swimming training in 20 cm deep water (30°C), 5x/week, 12 weeks. Protocol started with 20 minutes of exercise. In the following weeks, the workload increased by additional weight attached in mice: in the 2nd week it increased to 1%, in the 3rd week to 2%, in the 4th week to 3%, and in the 5th week to 4%. In the following weeks, the session duration increased 10 min/week up to 60 minutes reached in the 9th week. These workload and duration remained unaltered until the 12th week. | Mice received 10 μL of NaCl 0.9% by intranasal instillation daily (7x/week) for 12 weeks |
| HIT | Mice submitted to high intensity swimming training in 20 cm deep water (30°C), 5x/week, 12 weeks. Protocol started with 20 minutes of exercise. In the following weeks, the workload increased by additional weight attached in mice: in the 2nd week it increased to 1%, in the 3rd week to 2%, in the 4th week to 3%, and in the 5th week to 4%. In the following weeks, the workload increased 1%/week up to 8% workload reached in the 9th week These workload and duration remained unaltered until the 12th week. | Mice received 10 μL of NaCl 0.9% by intranasal instillation daily (7x/week) for 12 weeks |
| PM2.5 | Mice maintained sedentary: 20 minutes in 30°C shallow water (2 cm), 5x/week, 12 weeks. | Mice received intranasal instillation of PM2.5 (5 μg of PM2.5 suspended in 10 μL of NaCl 0.9%) daily (7x/week) for 12 weeks |
| MIT + PM2.5 | Mice submitted to moderate intensity swimming training in 20 cm deep water (30°C), 5x/week, 12 weeks. Protocol started with 20 minutes of exercise. In the following weeks, the workload increased by additional weight attached in mice: in the 2nd week it increased to 1%, in the 3rd week to 2%, in the 4th week to 3%, and in the 5th week to 4%. In the following weeks, the session duration increased 10 min/week up to 60 minutes reached in the 9th week. These workload and duration remained unaltered until the 12th week. | Mice received intranasal instillation of PM2.5 (5 μg of PM2.5 suspended in 10 μL of NaCl 0.9%) daily (7x/week) for 12 weeks |
| HIT + PM2.5 | Mice submitted to high intensity swimming training in 20 cm deep water (30°C), 5x/week, 12 weeks. Protocol started with 20 minutes of exercise. In the following weeks, the workload increased by additional weight attached in mice: in the 2nd week it increased to 1%, in the 3rd week to 2%, in the 4th week to 3%, and in the 5th to 4%. In the following weeks, the workload increased 1%/week up to 8% workload reached in the 9th week These workload and duration remained unaltered until 12th week | Mice received intranasal instillation of PM2.5 (5 μg of PM2.5 suspended in 10 μL of NaCl 0.9%) daily (7x/week) for 12 weeks |
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