Expression of the NRF2 Target Gene NQO1 Is Enhanced in Mononuclear Cells in Human Chronic Kidney Disease
Table 2
Clinical and demographical population characteristics.
Healthy ()
CKD 1–5 ()
CKD 5D ()
Age, years
38 (33–48)
68 (58–77)
67 (55–76)
Men, n (%)
9 (56)
19 (66)
23 (68)
BMI, kg/m2
24 (22–26)
30 (24–37)a
24 (22–28)b
Smoking, n (%)
2 (13)
3 (10)
6 (18)
Kidney disease, underlying cause, n (%)
None
Glomerulonephritis
8 (28)
5 (15)
Hypertensive nephropathy
3 (10)
5 (15)
Interstitial nephritis
2 (7)
4 (12)
Diabetic nephropathy
1 (3)
2 (6)
Hereditary kidney disease
1 (3)
2 (6)
Other/unknown
14 (48)
16 (47)
Comorbidities, n (%)
None
Hypertension
28 (97)
26 (76)
Diabetes
8 (28)
8 (24)
CVD
Myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease
6 (21)
10 (29)
Heart failure
8 (28)
16 (47)
Cerebrovascular disease
4 (14)
6 (18)
Peripheral artery disease
1 (3)
9 (26)
Medications
None
AT receptor antagonist, ACE inhibitor
22 (76)
16 (47)
Beta blocker
9 (31)
15 (44)
Calcium channel inhibitors
13 (45)
9 (26)
Platelet aggregation inhibitor
6 (21)
6 (18)
Diuretic
19 (66)
11 (32)
Erythropoietin analog
6 (21)
29 (85)
Coumarin derivatives
5 (17)
6 (18)
eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2
n.d.
28 (17–43)
n.a.
Time on dialysis, months
n.a.
n.a.
22 (11–49)
CRP, mg/L
n.d.
5.3 (2.3–10.8)c
3.0 (1.4–10.5)d
Albumin, g/L
n.d.
38 (35–41)e
38 (36–40)
Values are given as median (25%–75% percentile) or number (percentage). BMI: body mass index; AT: angiotensin; ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme; CRP: C-reactive protein; n.d.: not done; n.a.: not applicable. a; b; c; d; e.
