Comparison of Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Flavonoid-Rich Common and Tartary Buckwheat Sprout Extracts in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 and Peritoneal Macrophages

Figure 4

Effect of common buckwheat sprout (CBS) and tartary buckwheat sprout (TBS) extracts on LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of IκB-α in RAW 264.7 macrophages. RAW 264.7 macrophages were incubated for 24 h and exposed to LPS (1 μg/mL) with sprout extracts for 24 h. Levels of phosphorylated IκB-α were determined using Western blot assay. Relative protein levels are expressed as the percentage of intensity to the cells treated with LPS alone, which was set to 100%. Data represent the means ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. ### indicates in comparison with untreated controls; significant difference was determined using unpaired Student’s t-test. and in comparison with cells treated with LPS alone by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test for multiple comparison.