Long-Term Administration of Angiotensin (1–7) to db/db Mice Reduces Oxidative Stress Damage in the Kidneys and Prevents Renal Dysfunction

Figure 3

Formation of nitrotyrosine residues and involvement of eNOS and NADPH oxidase. Ang-II can directly activate NADPH oxidase to produce superoxide. A(1–7) is known to increase production of NO through activation of eNOS. Superoxide and NO react with each other to form peroxynitrite—a potent oxidant. Elevated levels of peroxynitrite cause nitration of proteins resulting in formation of nitrotyrosine residues that change the structure and function of proteins.