Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Endothelial Dysfunction Is Linked to NADPH Oxidase-Derived Superoxide Formation in Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Mice

Figure 5

Thrombin induces increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs). Exposure of cultured human PAECs to thrombin resulted in increased levels of ROS as determined by the fluorescent probes DCF and DHE ((a, b) left representative images, (a, b) right quantification). Thr: thrombin. 9–12 high-power field acquisitions per group. Data are presented as mean and SEM. Mann–Whitney test.

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