Insights on Localized and Systemic Delivery of Redox-Based Therapeutics

Figure 1

A scheme depicting cellular sites of action of several redox interventions. ARE/EpRE: antioxidant response element/electrophile responsive element; CoQ10: coenzyme Q10; CXA-10: 10-nitro-oleic-acid formulation; DMF: dimethyl fumarate; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GKT: GKT137831; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GSH: glutathione; IAB: N-iodoacetyl-N-biotinylhexylenediamine; MnP: manganese porphyrins; NAC: N-acetylcysteine; NOS: nitric oxide synthase; NOX: NADPH oxidase; NQO1: NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1; Nrf2: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; RNS: reactive nitrogen species; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SFN: sulforaphane; SOD: superoxide dismutase.