Biological Activities and Potential Oral Applications of N-Acetylcysteine: Progress and Prospects

Table 1

Rate constants of N-acetylcysteine reactions with representative compounds (adapted from [12]).

Compounds	Rate constant (M^−1 s^−1)	Experimental conditions	Reference
CO3^·−	≈1.0 × 10^7; 1.8 × 10^8	pH = 7; RT; pH = 12; RT	[90]
HNO	5.0 × 10^5	pH = 7.4; 37°C	[91]
HOCl	>10^7	pH ≈ 7.4; 21–24°C	[92]
HOSCN	7.7 × 10^3	pH = 7.4; 22°C	[93]
H2O2	0.16 ± 0.01; 0.85 ± 0.09	pH = 7.4; 25°C; pH = 7.4; 37°C	[94]; [95]
^·NO2	≈2.4 × 10^8; ≈1.0 × 10^7	pH > pKa; RT; pH = 7.4; RT	[96]
O2^·−	68 ± 6; <10^3	pH = 7; RT; pH = 7.4; 25°C	[97]; [95]
^·OH	1.36 × 10^10	pH = 7; RT	[95]
ONOO^−	415 ± 10	pH = 7.4; 37°C	[98]

RT: room temperature.