Nicotine and Cotinine Inhibit Catalase and Glutathione Reductase Activity Contributing to the Impaired Osteogenesis of SCP-1 Cells Exposed to Cigarette Smoke

Figure 3

Antioxidants rescue CSE-impaired osteogenesis in SCP-1. SCP-1 cells were osteogenically differentiated with coincubation of antioxidants NAC 1 mM or L-Asc 200 μM and CSE 5%. After 14 days of treatment, (a) the viability of the cells was measured by Resazurin conversion. The differentiation status of the cells was evaluated by (b) AP activity at day 14 and (c) Alizarin red staining at day 21. (d) Primary cilium length was measured at day 21. (e) DCFH-DA assay was used to detect ROS in SCP-1 cells exposed to 5% CSE and coincubation of antioxidants NAC 1 mM or L-Asc 200 μM. 0.01% H₂O₂ was used as positive control. Each experiment was conducted at least four times independently with triplicate. The statistical significance was determined by the Kruskal-Wallis H test followed by Dunn’s posttest. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM, and the significance was represented as , , and vs control and , , and vs CSE.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)