Aqueous Extract of Dendropanax morbiferus Leaves Effectively Alleviated Neuroinflammation and Behavioral Impediments in MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Mouse Model

Figure 2

DML modulates the protein levels of MAPKs, NF-κB, and IκB-α in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. The protein expressions of MAPKs (a–d) were represented as blots and fold-change quantification with respect to their corresponding phosphorylated protein ratio. The IκB-α, phospho-IκB-α, and phospho-p65 (e, f, and h) were represented with respect to β-actin ratio. Data were mean ± standard error () of three independent experiments. Values are mean ± standard error ( versus control group and versus LPS-treated group). The subcellular location of NF-κB p65 subunit was determined by immunofluorescence assay (g), using Alexa Fluor® 568 red with Hoechst background staining.

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