TLR4 Activation Promotes the Progression of Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis to Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Inducing Mitochondrial Dynamic Imbalance

<div>TLR4 activation increased the cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis in DCM mice. (a) Apoptotic cell nuclei of cardiac sections in each group were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) staining (green) and total nuclei by 4<span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.4859pt" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-0.04979992pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.4361 3.89517 11.4859" width="3.89517pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z" id="g50-31"></path></g></svg>,</span>6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining (blue). Bar, 50 <i>μ</i>m. 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(c) Representative illustrations of inflammatory cell infiltration in cardiac sections taken by H&amp;E staining (×20). (d) Masson staining of left ventricular tissue slices depicting fibrosis (blue area) (×20). 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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

fig2

Figure 2

Figure 2: TLR4 Activation Promotes the Progression of Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis to Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Inducing Mitochondrial Dynamic Imbalance 

Figure 2 | TLR4 Activation Promotes the Progression of Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis to Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Inducing Mitochondrial Dynamic Imbalance 