| Number | Chronic disease | Functional ingredients | References |
| 1 | Promote sleep | GABA, Ca, K, tryptophan, vitamin C | [70, 71, 137] | 2 | Antidiabetes | Saponarin; dietary fiber, Ca; AMP-activated protein kinase, polyamines; GABA; SOD | [74, 75, 78, 79, 138, 139] | 3 | Regulating blood pressure | Saponarin; lutonarin, K, Ca; GABA | [12, 81, 82, 140, 141] | 4 | Enhance immunity | Arabinoxylan; polysaccharide; GABA | [84, 87, 142] | 5 | Protective liver | Saponarin; SOD; GABA | [69, 88, 89, 143] | 6 | Beauty anti-acne/detox | Metallothioneins | [91] | 7 | Antidepressant | GABA; saponarin; vitamins and minerals | [10, 69, 93, 95, 144] | 8 | Improve gastrointestinal | Dietary fiber; selenium; GABA | [15, 98, 145] | 9 | Anticancer | Alkaline, flavonoids, chlorophyll; tricin; SOD | [99, 100, 103, 139] | 10 | Anti-inflammation | Chlorophyll; saponarin; SOD; GABA; tryptophan | [12, 106–108, 145, 146] | 11 | Antioxidants | Chlorophyll; lutonarin, saponarin; isoorientin and orientin; γ-tocopherol, glutathione; SOD, flavonoid, protein P4D1; GABA | [12, 39, 81, 111–114, 147] | 12 | Hypolipidemic | Saponarin; α-tocopherol; 2-O-glycosyl isovitexin, polysaccharide | [69, 77, 119] | 13 | Antigout/hyperuricemia | Alkaloid, SOD | [122, 123] | 14 | Preventive cardiovascular diseases | Saponarin; tryptophan; vitamins (A, B1, C, E), SOD; K, Ca; GABA | [72, 81, 87, 126, 136, 140, 148] | 15 | Antihypoxia/anti-fatigue | Flavones (lutonarin, saponarin) | [127] | 16 | Preventive constipation | Dietary fiber | [130] | 17 | Alleviated atopic dermatitis | GABA, SOD | [131, 132, 149] | 18 | Preventive heart disease | K, GABA | [10, 50, 150] | 19 | Calcium supplement | Ca | [10, 50, 70, 134] | 20 | Improve cognition | GABA, K, SOD | [10, 28, 50, 151] |
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