Exposure to Ti4Al4V Titanium Alloy Leads to Redox Abnormalities, Oxidative Stress, and Oxidative Damage in Patients Treated for Mandible Fractures

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of patients with titanium mandibular fixations and healthy controls.

Serum/plasma	Control group					Study group
	Mean	SD	Geometric mean	Lower 95% CI of mean	Upper 95% CI of mean	Mean	SD	Geometric mean	Lower 95% CI of mean	Upper 95% CI of mean
WBC ×10^3/μL	7.530	1.958	7.278	6.841	8.219	6.917	1.709	6.756	6.315	13.232
RBC ×10^6/μL	5.207	0.411	5.193	5.062	5.352	5.070	0.264	5.064	4.977	10.047
HGB g/dL	15.270	1.027	15.240	14.908	15.632	15.320	0.720	15.300	15.067	30.387
HCT %	45.230	2.630	45.160	44.304	46.156	45.550	2.123	45.510	44.803	90.353
MCV fL	87.140	3.817	87.070	85.796	88.484	89.630	3.549	89.570	88.381	178.011
MCHC g/dL	33.760	0.918	33.750	33.437	34.083	33.650	1.524	33.620	33.114	66.764
PLT ×10^3/μL	230.700	43.800	227.100	215.282	246.118	228.300	23.380	227.300	220.070	448.370
PT s	12.230	0.624	12.220	12.010	12.450	11.660	0.699	11.640	11.414	23.074
INR	0.935	0.077	0.933	0.908	0.962	0.908	0.072	0.906	0.883	1.791
APTT s	27.640	1.468	27.610	27.123	28.157	26.780	3.809	26.550	25.439	52.219
Na^+ mmol/L	140.700	1.890	140.700	140.035	141.365	139.800	1.184	139.800	139.383	279.183
K^+ mmol/L	4.363	0.317	4.353	4.251	4.475	4.390	0.215	4.386	4.314	8.704
CRP mg/L	1.050	0.370	1.002	0.920	1.180	1.000	0.548	0.880	0.807	1.807

^∗Statistical significance , study group versus control.