Short-Duration Swimming Exercise after Myocardial Infarction Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction and Regulates Mitochondrial Quality Control in Aged Mice

Table 1

Physical and echocardiographic parameters of aged mice after 8 weeks of swimming training.

Parameter	Mean ± SEM
	Sham; ()	MI-sedentary; ()	MI + 15’ ST; ()	MI + 60’ ST; ()
Physical characteristic
BW (g)	30.3 ± 0.73	31.2 ± 0.71	27.7 ± 0.35	27.7 ± 0.66
Heart (mg)	140 ± 4.7	200 ± 4.7	130 ± 3.7^##	180 ± 7.8^,&&
HW/BW (mg/g)	4.6 ± 0.22	6.4 ± 0.26	4.7 ± 0.13^#	6.6 ± 0.37^,&
Tibial length (cm)	2.3 ± 0.04	2.3 ± 0.04	2.3 ± 0.04	2.3 ± 0.03
HW/TL (mg/cm)	61.0 ± 2.44	87.5 ± 3.24	57.5 ± 1.83^#	80.0 ± 3.40^,&
Echocardiography
LVEF (%)	67.8 ± 2.21	31.3 ± 2.24	49.5 ± 1.82^,##	34.6 ± 2.14^,&&
LVFS (%)	38.3 ± 0.98	17.5 ± 1.46	25.1 ± 1.59^,#	19.7 ± 1.47^,&
LVEDD (mm)	4.0 ± 0.13	5.2 ± 0.23	4.4 ± 0.09^#	5.5 ± 0.30^,&
LVESD (mm)	2.3 ± 0.18	3.9 ± 0.16	2.9 ± 0.09^#	3.8 ± 0.28^,&

versus the sham group; , versus the MI-sedentary group; , versus the MI + 15’ ST group. . BW, body weight; HW, heart weight; TL, tibial length; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVFS, left ventricular fractional shortening; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter.