Pharmacological Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Stem Cells

Figure 2

Pharmacological regulation of oxidative stress in PSCs. Forced transduction of OSKM reprogramming factors increases ROS levels which causes DNA damage and inhibits somatic cellular reprogramming into iPSCs. Antioxidants are able to improve reprogramming efficiency and genome stability by quenching ROS levels. During somatic cellular reprogramming, metabolic shift from OxPhos to glycolysis can be modified by different antioxidants, thereby affects the efficient iPSC generation. PSCs are highly sensitive to oxidative stress and affected by the fine control of antioxidants for the maintenance and enhancement of PSC functions as well as the differentiation toward vascular lineage. Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM); N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC); 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG); fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P₂); fructose 6-phosphate (F6P); 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP); N-oxaloylglycine (NOG); mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone (MitoQ).