The Function of Thioredoxin-Binding Protein-2 (TBP-2) in Different Diseases

Figure 2

TBP-2 reduces insulin sensitivity, inhibits the secretion of insulin, and accelerates β-cell apoptosis in common diabetes. NF-Y, MondoA:Mlx, FOXO1, and other TFs can activate the TBP-2 promoter to upregulate its expression under glucose stimulation. The overexpression of TBP-2 inhibits the expression of IRS-1 and Akt phosphorylation to weaken insulin sensitivity, indirectly suppresses insulin secretion by raising the transcriptional activity of UCP-2, and increases the rate of pancreatic β-cell apoptosis by competing with ASK1 to bind with Trx and inactivating Akt/Bcl-xL signaling.